The influence of different dietary regimens on the morphological characteristics of the intestines of rats in the late puerperium

Berina Šljivo; Aida Bešić; Jasmina Ilić; Amina Bibić; Muhamed Katica; Elmir Čičkušić; Nedžad Hadžiomerović

doi:10.66179/rats.56

Authors

Berina Šljivo Department of Basic Sciences of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4885-5782
Aida Bešić Department of Clinical Sciences of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9157-6942
Jasmina Ilić Department of Basic Sciences of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4627-9172
Amina Bibić Hasvet Pg International Animal Hospital, Podgorica, Montenegro https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4441-3428
Muhamed Katica Department of Clinical Sciences of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8184-0065
Elmir Čičkušić Pathology Clinic, University Clinical Center Tuzla, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1053-7499
Nedžad Hadžiomerović Department of Basic Sciences of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3155-1011

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.66179/rats.56

Keywords:

Intestinal mucosa, Nutrition, Morphometry, Rats

Abstract

A proper diet that provides balanced nutrients according to species, breed, age, sex, and purpose is essential for achieving optimal animal growth, development, and physiological function. In relation to this statement, the aim of this study was to quantitatively assess the effects of different dietary regimens on the morphometric characteristics of the small intestine of late puerperal rats, with a emphasis on the duodenum and jejunum. The research included measurements of the height and width of intestinal villi, and the depth of crypts, in order to determine specific morphological changes associated with the influence of the diet. The experiment involved 18 adult rats divided into three groups: the first group received standard commercial rat feed (control group), the second group was fed bakery products, and the third group was given a diet consisting exclusively of meat. Over a 49-day period, body weight, organ weights, and intestinal segment lengths were measured. Histological analyses of duodenum and jejunum samples were performed, alongside detailed morphometric assessment of the intestinal mucosa. Significant alterations in intestinal villi were observed. In the duodenum, the greatest villus height and width, as well as crypt depth, were observed in rats that had meat-based diet. Similarly, in the jejunum, rats from the same group exhibited the greatest villus height and crypt depth, while the mean measure of the villus width was almost identical to mean measure in rats that were fed with commercial food. These findings suggest that diet composition profoundly influences intestinal architecture and function. Overall, the study emphasizes the critical role of balanced nutrition in maintaining gastrointestinal health, systemic homeostasis, and optimal development, not only in laboratory animals but also in a broader veterinary and biomedical context.

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The influence of different dietary regimens on the morphological characteristics of the intestines of rats in the late puerperium

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